What methods can be employed to prevent backsiphonage?

To prevent backsiphonage, the most effective methods involve the use of vacuum breakers, air gaps, and backpressure units. Backsiphonage occurs when there is a negative pressure in the distribution system, causing contaminants to be drawn back into the potable water supply.

Vacuum breakers are devices that allow air to enter a system to prevent a vacuum from forming, ensuring that water flows in the intended direction. Air gaps create a physical separation between the water supply and possible contaminants, effectively preventing any backflow. Backpressure units help to maintain pressure in the system, preventing backflow due to pressure differentials.

These methods are critical in maintaining the integrity of drinking water systems and ensuring public health by avoiding contamination. Other options, while they may improve water quality or treat water, do not specifically address the mechanism of backsiphonage or backflow prevention.